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A. The settlement of the future political status of
the Iraqi Kurdistan should be examined at the
international level and supervised by the UN as a
self-government territory with Peshmerga forces in
control to make sure that Kurds are no longer at
risk and that other guarantees are in place to
secure their protection in the long term.
B. The considerations of other minority groups
living within Iraqi Kurdistan must be taken into
account and their rights fully protected.
C. A form of self-government for the Iraqi Kurds
should be recognised by the international community
and proper channels of communication must be adept.
D. International aid and assistance, including long
term development and rehabilitation projects, should
be provided under UN authority in collaborations
with a federal state of Iraq directly to the area of
Iraqi Kurdistan.
E. International assistance should be provided to
strengthen democratic institutions and the rule of
law in the region.
F. The UN authorities must undertake the measures
towards disarmament of militia factions in Iraq and
take full responsibility to prevent internal
conflicts in order to control military activity and
to regulate the use of weapons.
G. Constitutional guarantees should be adapted to
institutionalise human rights protection in the long
term, for the Kurds and other minorities living in
the in the safe haven.
H. The issue of past human rights violation
perpetrated by the Iraqi regime must be addressed
and the perpetrators brought to justice.
I. To give an open and absolute undertaking the
above will be protected all until the future regime
arrives at a settlement with the northern protected
area (Kurdistan) and its people.
J. To press for international visits to the area of
Kurdistan for greater access to the region by
journalists, scientists, traders, cultural missions
etc.
K. To have an American and European Councils (i.e.
establish some formal representation to look after
the affairs of the great number of Kurdish
immigrants to their countries also the NGOs working
in area
etc).
L. Put the region under self-government authorities
to regulate the reconstruction efforts and UN
agencies activities.
Possible United Nations policy for the maintain of
peace and stability in Iraqi Kurdistan
A. The UN should consider how the unrepresentative
status of indigenous peoples such as the Kurds could
be remedied.
B. The UN should seek implementation of the
declaration of the rights of persons belonging to
national, ethnic, religious and linguistic
minorities in order to achieve a balance between the
legitimate sovereign of the Kurdish communities to
free cultural expression and provide genuine
measures of control over their affairs.
C. The UN should encourage a political solution for
the Kurdish issue. In doing so, it should consider
how the hope expressed in Security Council
resolutions No. 688 of 5 April 1991 is fulfilled.
This hope entails an open dialogue take place to
guarantee and ensure that human and political rights
of all Iraqi citizens are respected.
Regarding Iraqi Kurdistan
a. The UN should remain committed to the protection
of the Kurdish region, along the lines of UN
Security Council resolutions 688 for as long as
internal and external threats remain in power.
b. The UN should encourage negotiation between the
Kurds and the new regime in Baghdad to ensure a new
agreement, which provides Baghdad with undisputed
sovereignty and the Kurds with a clear mandate for
an agreed form of self government.
c. It should encourage the resolution of the
territorial dispute regarding Kirkuk and other areas
in a manner that guarantees the legitimate concerns
of both parties.
d. The UN should encourage the return of displaced
persons to their original place particularly Kurds
deliberately removed from areas of contention
notably Kirkuk and Mosul.
e. The UN should establish a war crimes tribunal to
determine those guilty of crimes against humanity
and to ensure that these are tried and punished.
This should include those guilty of committing war
crimes in particular the summary execution of
prisoners of war since 1991.
f. Human rights monitors should have a permanent
presence to remind the de-facto Kurdish authorities
that they too are required to uphold internationally
agreed human rights norms. This arrangement should
contain a training facility. The de-facto Kurdish
authorities should allow immediate and unrestricted
access to human rights organisations seeking to
investigate the situation in the region.
g. Inter-governmental and non-governmental
organisations should continue to provide
developmental assistance to the Kurdish region in
order to help its recovery, build local capacity and
include strategies for medium term sustainability.
h. Minority rights should be embodied into any
federal forms agreement for the Kurdish region, for
the Arabs, different Christian confessions,
non-Sunni Kurds, Turkmen and Yazidis.
Dr. Dīndar Zźbarī is KRG Council of Ministers
Advisor for the United Nations and International
Organisations Affairs
www.krg.org
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